A recent study has revealed that weight loss surgeries, specifically sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass, are significantly more effective than popular medications like Ozempic in achieving long-term weight loss. Conducted by researchers at New York University (NYU), the study compared the outcomes of these surgical procedures with those of GLP-1 receptor agonists, such as semaglutide and tirzepatide, which are commonly prescribed for weight management.
The findings, presented at the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS) Annual Scientific Meeting in 2025, indicate that patients who underwent surgery lost an average of 25.7% of their body weight over two years. In contrast, those using GLP-1 medications experienced a weight loss of only 5.3% during the same period. This stark difference underscores the superior effectiveness of surgical interventions in the real-world setting.
One contributing factor to this disparity is patient adherence. The study noted that up to 70% of individuals prescribed GLP-1 medications may discontinue treatment within a year, often due to side effects or perceived ineffectiveness. Conversely, surgical procedures offer a more permanent solution, leading to sustained weight loss.
Despite these findings, GLP-1 drugs like Ozempic remain widely used due to their non-invasive nature and convenience. They have been shown to help individuals lose between 15% and 21% of their body weight in clinical trials. However, real-world results often fall short of these figures, highlighting the challenges in achieving optimal outcomes with medication alone.
Experts suggest that while GLP-1 medications can be effective, they may be best suited for individuals who are not candidates for surgery or prefer a non-surgical approach. For those seeking significant and sustained weight loss, bariatric surgery remains the most effective option. Healthcare providers emphasize the importance of personalized treatment plans, considering factors such as medical history, lifestyle, and patient preferences.
In essence, while medications like Ozempic offer a convenient option for weight management, surgical interventions currently provide more substantial and lasting results. Individuals considering weight loss treatments should consult with healthcare professionals to determine the most appropriate approach based on their unique circumstances.
