The France government collapse has thrown the country into fresh political turmoil after Prime Minister Francois Bayrou lost a no-confidence vote. The 74-year-old veteran had served only nine months. His $52 billion austerity budget proved too divisive for lawmakers.
On Monday, Parliament rejected his proposal to slash France’s fiscal deficit. Opposition parties from left and right joined forces to defeat him. Bayrou became the fourth prime minister in less than two years, highlighting the depth of France’s instability.
Macron’s Dilemma
Bayrou will remain in office until President Emmanuel Macron announces the next step. Macron now faces tough choices. He can appoint another prime minister, call snap elections, or attempt to govern with a fragile minority.
Public confidence in Macron is low. A recent poll showed only 15 percent of voters trust him. Yet, he insists he will not resign before his term ends in 2027. Analysts say his centrist approach has failed twice already, and a similar strategy could cost him even more credibility. Some suggest he may seek compromise with Socialists or Greens to form a temporary coalition.
The France government collapse began with Macron’s risky call for snap elections in 2024. That vote weakened his centrist bloc and boosted both the left alliance and the far-right National Rally. As a result, Parliament split into three camps. Passing new laws became nearly impossible.
Bayrou’s latest budget triggered his downfall. The plan called for freezing welfare spending and removing two public holidays. France’s deficit now stands at 5.8 percent of GDP, far above the EU’s 3 percent ceiling. Without reform, debt is set to climb. Bayrou warned that young people would face decades of repayments. His warning did not convince lawmakers.
What Lies Ahead
Unions plan new strikes this month. Demonstrations could revive scenes similar to the “yellow vest” protests of 2018 and 2023. Hospital and rail workers are also preparing industrial action.
Macron must now decide how to move forward. Any new prime minister risks the same fate as Bayrou. Elections could reshuffle Parliament but may also strengthen the extremes. Gridlock, fiscal strain, and social unrest remain likely in the months ahead.
